Abstract
The present investigation examined the validity of near-infrared interactance (NIR) estimates of relative body fat (% fat) from the Futrex-5000 (F5000), Futrex-5000 A (F5000 A), and Futrex-1000 (Fl000) instruments. Ninety-eight female high school gymnasts (X̄ age ± SD = 15.7 ± 1.2 yr) participated in this investigation. Subsamples were used to cross-validate the F5000 (n = 52), F5000 A (n = 46), and F1000 (n = 89) instruments. The NIR % fat estimates were validated against criterion % fat from underwater weighing (UWW) using the adult conversion constants of Brozek et al. (6) (UWWB) and the female age-specific constants of Lohman (23) (UWWL). The cross-validation statistical analysis included examination of the constant error (CE), standard error of estimate (SEE), r, and total error (TE). In addition, full-model multiple regression analyses were used to predict UWWB or UWWL from body weight (BW) and height (HT). BW and HT were correlated with % fat at R = 0.65-0.70, while the validity coefficients for the NIR instruments ranged from r=0.40-0.78. The F5000 resulted in nonsignificant CE values (- 0.3% fat vs UWWB and 1.5 % fat vs UWWL; p > 0.008) as well as the lowest TE values (TE = 3.1% fat vs UWWB and 4.0% fat vs UWWL). All other NIR estimates of % fat resulted in TE values ≤ 6.3% fat. In addition, for all NIR instruments there were negative correlations for the plots of the CE versus the mean of predicted and criterion (UWWB and UWWL)% fat. Therefore, the present findings indicated that the F5000 provided more accurate estimates of % fat than the F5000 A or F1000 instruments, but may underestimate the desired minimal body weight for female gymnasts at the low end of the % fat distribution.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 531-537 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | International Journal of Sports Medicine |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 2 1997 |
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Keywords
- Body composition
- Gymnasts
- Near-infrared interactance
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
Cite this
Validity of near-infrared interactance for estimating relative body fat in female high school gymnasts. / Smith, D. B.; Johnson, G. O.; Stout, J. R.; Housh, T. J.; Housh, D. J.; Evetovich, T. K.
In: International Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 18, No. 7, 02.12.1997, p. 531-537.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Validity of near-infrared interactance for estimating relative body fat in female high school gymnasts
AU - Smith, D. B.
AU - Johnson, G. O.
AU - Stout, J. R.
AU - Housh, T. J.
AU - Housh, D. J.
AU - Evetovich, T. K.
PY - 1997/12/2
Y1 - 1997/12/2
N2 - The present investigation examined the validity of near-infrared interactance (NIR) estimates of relative body fat (% fat) from the Futrex-5000 (F5000), Futrex-5000 A (F5000 A), and Futrex-1000 (Fl000) instruments. Ninety-eight female high school gymnasts (X̄ age ± SD = 15.7 ± 1.2 yr) participated in this investigation. Subsamples were used to cross-validate the F5000 (n = 52), F5000 A (n = 46), and F1000 (n = 89) instruments. The NIR % fat estimates were validated against criterion % fat from underwater weighing (UWW) using the adult conversion constants of Brozek et al. (6) (UWWB) and the female age-specific constants of Lohman (23) (UWWL). The cross-validation statistical analysis included examination of the constant error (CE), standard error of estimate (SEE), r, and total error (TE). In addition, full-model multiple regression analyses were used to predict UWWB or UWWL from body weight (BW) and height (HT). BW and HT were correlated with % fat at R = 0.65-0.70, while the validity coefficients for the NIR instruments ranged from r=0.40-0.78. The F5000 resulted in nonsignificant CE values (- 0.3% fat vs UWWB and 1.5 % fat vs UWWL; p > 0.008) as well as the lowest TE values (TE = 3.1% fat vs UWWB and 4.0% fat vs UWWL). All other NIR estimates of % fat resulted in TE values ≤ 6.3% fat. In addition, for all NIR instruments there were negative correlations for the plots of the CE versus the mean of predicted and criterion (UWWB and UWWL)% fat. Therefore, the present findings indicated that the F5000 provided more accurate estimates of % fat than the F5000 A or F1000 instruments, but may underestimate the desired minimal body weight for female gymnasts at the low end of the % fat distribution.
AB - The present investigation examined the validity of near-infrared interactance (NIR) estimates of relative body fat (% fat) from the Futrex-5000 (F5000), Futrex-5000 A (F5000 A), and Futrex-1000 (Fl000) instruments. Ninety-eight female high school gymnasts (X̄ age ± SD = 15.7 ± 1.2 yr) participated in this investigation. Subsamples were used to cross-validate the F5000 (n = 52), F5000 A (n = 46), and F1000 (n = 89) instruments. The NIR % fat estimates were validated against criterion % fat from underwater weighing (UWW) using the adult conversion constants of Brozek et al. (6) (UWWB) and the female age-specific constants of Lohman (23) (UWWL). The cross-validation statistical analysis included examination of the constant error (CE), standard error of estimate (SEE), r, and total error (TE). In addition, full-model multiple regression analyses were used to predict UWWB or UWWL from body weight (BW) and height (HT). BW and HT were correlated with % fat at R = 0.65-0.70, while the validity coefficients for the NIR instruments ranged from r=0.40-0.78. The F5000 resulted in nonsignificant CE values (- 0.3% fat vs UWWB and 1.5 % fat vs UWWL; p > 0.008) as well as the lowest TE values (TE = 3.1% fat vs UWWB and 4.0% fat vs UWWL). All other NIR estimates of % fat resulted in TE values ≤ 6.3% fat. In addition, for all NIR instruments there were negative correlations for the plots of the CE versus the mean of predicted and criterion (UWWB and UWWL)% fat. Therefore, the present findings indicated that the F5000 provided more accurate estimates of % fat than the F5000 A or F1000 instruments, but may underestimate the desired minimal body weight for female gymnasts at the low end of the % fat distribution.
KW - Body composition
KW - Gymnasts
KW - Near-infrared interactance
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030723807&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030723807&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1055/s-2007-972677
DO - 10.1055/s-2007-972677
M3 - Article
C2 - 9414077
AN - SCOPUS:0030723807
VL - 18
SP - 531
EP - 537
JO - International Journal of Sports Medicine
JF - International Journal of Sports Medicine
SN - 0172-4622
IS - 7
ER -